\[ \begin{align}\begin{aligned}\newcommand\blank{~\underline{\hspace{1.2cm}}~}\\% Bold symbols (vectors) \newcommand\bs[1]{\mathbf{#1}}\\% Differential \newcommand\dd[2][]{\mathrm{d}^{#1}{#2}} % use as \dd, \dd{x}, or \dd[2]{x}\\% Poor man's siunitx \newcommand\unit[1]{\mathrm{#1}} \newcommand\num[1]{#1} \newcommand\qty[2]{#1~\unit{#2}}\\\newcommand\per{/} \newcommand\squared{{}^2} \newcommand\cubed{{}^3} % % Scale \newcommand\milli{\unit{m}} \newcommand\centi{\unit{c}} \newcommand\kilo{\unit{k}} \newcommand\mega{\unit{M}} % % Percent \newcommand\percent{\unit{{\kern-4mu}\%}} % % Angle \newcommand\radian{\unit{rad}} \newcommand\degree{\unit{{\kern-4mu}^\circ}} % % Time \newcommand\second{\unit{s}} \newcommand\s{\second} \newcommand\minute{\unit{min}} \newcommand\hour{\unit{h}} % % Distance \newcommand\meter{\unit{m}} \newcommand\m{\meter} \newcommand\inch{\unit{in}} \newcommand\foot{\unit{ft}} % % Force \newcommand\newton{\unit{N}} \newcommand\kip{\unit{kip}} % kilopound in "freedom" units - edit made by Sri % % Mass \newcommand\gram{\unit{g}} \newcommand\g{\gram} \newcommand\kilogram{\unit{kg}} \newcommand\kg{\kilogram} \newcommand\grain{\unit{grain}} \newcommand\ounce{\unit{oz}} \newcommand\pound{\unit{lbs}} % % Temperature \newcommand\kelvin{\unit{K}} \newcommand\K{\kelvin} \newcommand\celsius{\unit{{\kern-4mu}^\circ C}} \newcommand\C{\celsius} \newcommand\fahrenheit{\unit{{\kern-4mu}^\circ F}} \newcommand\F{\fahrenheit} % % Area \newcommand\sqft{\unit{sq\,\foot}} % square foot % % Volume \newcommand\liter{\unit{L}} \newcommand\gallon{\unit{gal}} % % Frequency \newcommand\hertz{\unit{Hz}} \newcommand\rpm{\unit{rpm}} % % Voltage \newcommand\volt{\unit{V}} \newcommand\V{\volt} \newcommand\millivolt{\milli\volt} \newcommand\mV{\milli\volt} \newcommand\kilovolt{\kilo\volt} \newcommand\kV{\kilo\volt} % % Current \newcommand\ampere{\unit{A}} \newcommand\A{\ampere} \newcommand\milliampereA{\milli\ampere} \newcommand\mA{\milli\ampere} \newcommand\kiloampereA{\kilo\ampere} \newcommand\kA{\kilo\ampere} % % Resistance \newcommand\ohm{\Omega} \newcommand\milliohm{\milli\ohm} \newcommand\kiloohm{\kilo\ohm} % correct SI spelling \newcommand\kilohm{\kilo\ohm} % "American" spelling used in siunitx \newcommand\megaohm{\mega\ohm} % correct SI spelling \newcommand\megohm{\mega\ohm} % "American" spelling used in siunitx % % Capacitance \newcommand\farad{\unit{F}} \newcommand\F{\farad} \newcommand\microfarad{\micro\farad} \newcommand\muF{\micro\farad} % % Inductance \newcommand\henry{\unit{H}} \newcommand\H{\henry} \newcommand\millihenry{\milli\henry} \newcommand\mH{\milli\henry} % % Power \newcommand\watt{\unit{W}} \newcommand\W{\watt} \newcommand\milliwatt{\milli\watt} \newcommand\mW{\milli\watt} \newcommand\kilowatt{\kilo\watt} \newcommand\kW{\kilo\watt} % % Energy \newcommand\joule{\unit{J}} \newcommand\J{\joule} % % Composite units % % Torque \newcommand\ozin{\unit{\ounce}\,\unit{in}} \newcommand\newtonmeter{\unit{\newton\,\meter}} % % Pressure \newcommand\psf{\unit{psf}} % pounds per square foot \newcommand\pcf{\unit{pcf}} % pounds per cubic foot \newcommand\pascal{\unit{Pa}} \newcommand\Pa{\pascal} \newcommand\ksi{\unit{ksi}} % kilopound per square inch \newcommand\bar{\unit{bar}} \end{aligned}\end{align} \]

Apr 28, 2026 | 296 words | 3 min read

15. Python 5

In this module, students will be introduced to digital image processing using Python. We will load, display, and manipulate images as NumPy arrays, and apply mathematical techniques to analyze and transform image data.

Topics Covered

• Loading and displaying images in Python

• Image color formats (RGB and Grayscale)

• Linearizing gamma-encoded pixel values

• Computing image luminance and intensity

• Resizing and padding images

• Kernel-based image filtering

Pre-Requisite Knowledge for this Module

To be successful in this module, you should already know:

• How to create, save, and run Python programs

• Use inputs and outputs

• Create user-defined functions

• Link to functions in other programs

• Use conditional statements to make decisions

• Use comment statements to describe a program

• Create arrays and lists

• Use for loops

• Use while loops

• Read from and write to external files

Learning Objectives and Course Outcomes

At the end of this module, you will be able to:

• Load and display digital images using Python libraries

• Convert images between RGB and Grayscale color formats

• Linearize gamma-encoded pixel values for accurate image processing

• Apply mathematical operations to image data using NumPy arrays

• Resize and pad images to a target size

• Implement kernel-based filtering operations on grayscale images

These learning objectives are directly connected to the following Course Outcomes:

CO 1.1:

Visually represent data and derive meaningful information from data.

CO 2.1:

Contribute to team products and discussions.

CO 2.2:

Reflect on both personal and team’s problem solving/design approach and process for the purpose of continuous improvement.

CO 3.1:

Communicate engineering concepts, ideas and decisions effectively and professionally in diverse ways such as written, visual and oral.

CO 4.1:

Develop code solutions that address engineering questions and follow professional programming standards.

CO 4.2:

Understand and implement basic and intermediate programming structures: sequential structures, selection structures, repetition structures, and nested structures.

CO 4.3:

Create adaptable, reusable programming routines.

CO 4.5:

Read and apply flowcharts as a visual representation of a process.